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Darul Uloom Haqqania

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Darul Uloom Haqqania
دار العلوم حقانیہ
TypeIslamic University
Madrasa
Darul Uloom
Established23 September 1947; 77 years ago (1947-09-23)
FounderMaulana Abdul Haq
Affiliation
Religious affiliation
Sunni Islam (Hanafi, Deobandi)
Chancellor
Students4,000 (2016)[1]
Address
34.00023 N, 72.12175 E
,
Akora Khattak
,
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa,northwestern
,
Pakistan
Part of a series on the
Deobandi movement
Ideology and influences
Founders and key figures
Notable institutions
Darul ulooms and madrasas
Centres (markaz) of Tablighi Jamaat
Associated organizations

Darul Uloom Haqqania or Jamia Dar al-Ulum Haqqania (Pashto/Urdu: دار العلوم حقانیہ) is an Islamic Seminary (darul uloom or madrasa) in the town of Akora Khattak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, northwestern Pakistan. The seminary propagates the Hanafi Deobandi school of Sunni Islam. It was founded by Maulana Abdul Haq along the lines of the Darul Uloom Deoband seminary in India, where he had taught. It has been dubbed the "University of Jihad" due to its methods and content of instruction, along with the future occupations of its alumni.[2] A number of leading members of the Taliban, including past chief Akhtar Mansour, studied here.[3][4][5]

History

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Maulana Abdul Haq (1912–1988) founded the institution on 23 September 1947.[6] He was succeeded as chancellor by his son Sami-ul-Haq (1937–2018) of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam.[7]

Chancellors

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Maulana Abdul Haq

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Abdul Haq (Urdu: عبدالحق, Pashto: عبدالحق; 11 January 1912 – 7 September 1988) of Akora Khattak, Pakistan, sometimes referred to as Abdul Haq Akorwi was a Pashtun Islamic scholar and the founder, chancellor, and Shaykh al-Hadith of the Islamic seminary Darul Uloom Haqqania. He has also served as vice-president of Wifaq ul Madaris Al-Arabia, Pakistan. He was involved in politics as a member of the political party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam. He served three times in the National Assembly of Pakistan and was an active proponent of the Khatme Nabuwwat movement.

Abdul Haq completed his religious education at Darul Uloom Deoband in Deoband, India. He taught at Deoband for four years until difficulties arose due to the independence of Pakistan. In 1947, he founded Darul Uloom Haqqania in Akora Khattak, one of the first Islamic seminaries to be established in Pakistan. He taught hadith at the madrasah for the rest of his life and was well-known by the title "Shaykh al-Hadith".

Maulana Sami-ul-Haq

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Maulana Sami-ul-Haq (1937–2018) or Maulana Sami-ul-Haq Haqqani (Urdu: مولانا سمیع الحق, Samī'u’l-Ḥaq; 18 December 1937 – 2 November 2018) was a Pakistani religious scholar and senator.[8] He was known as the Father of Taliban in Pakistan for the role his seminary Darul Uloom Haqqania played in the graduation of most Taliban leaders and commanders.[9] With his party Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S), which split from Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) because Haq supported Zia-ul-Haq and his policies, he was a member of the Senate of Pakistan from 1985 to 1991 and again from 1991 to 1997.[10] After his assassination in 2018 his son Maulana Hamid Ul Haq Haqqani became the chancellor of the seminary and the ameer or head of the political party.

Career of Maulana Sami-ul-Haq

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Maulana Sami-ul-Haq was regarded as the "Father of the Taliban"[9][11] and had close ties to Taliban leader Mullah Mohammed Omar.[12][13][14] Sami ul Haq was the chancellor of Darul Uloom Haqqania, a Deobandi Islamic seminary which is the alma mater of many prominent Taliban members.[13][15] Haq served as chairman of the Difa-e-Pakistan Council and was the leader of his own faction of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam political party, known as JUI-S.[16] Sami ul-Haq was also a founding member of a six-party religious alliance Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal ahead of 2002 general election.[17][18]

He had also served as a member of the Senate of Pakistan.[19][20] He formed Muttahida Deeni Mahaz (United Religious Front), an alliance of relatively small religio-political parties, to participate in the 2013 general election.[21][22]

Haq stated that the US Ambassador to Pakistan, Richard G. Olson, visited him in July 2013 to discuss the situation of the region.[12] Haq sympathized with the Taliban, stating: "Give them just one year and they will make the whole of Afghanistan happy. ... The whole of Afghanistan will be with them ... Once the Americans leave, all of this will happen within a year ... As long as they are there, Afghans will have to fight for their freedom," Haq said. "It's a war for freedom. It will not stop until outsiders leave."[12]

In October 2018, an Afghan delegation comprising Ashraf Ghani government representatives and diplomats stationed in Pakistan, met Samiul Haq asking him to play a role in restoring peace in Afghanistan by bringing the Afghan Taliban back to the dialogue table.[23]

Assassination of Maulana Sami-ul-Haq

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On 2 November 2018, Sami-ul-Haq was assassinated at around 7:00 pm PST at his residence in Bahria Town, Rawalpindi.[24] He was stabbed multiple times.[25] He was taken to the nearby Safari Hospital where he was pronounced dead on arrival. The cause of his death was excessive blood loss due to the multiple stabbing across his body, including his face.[26] According to his guard, he had intended to join the protests against the acquittal of Asia Bibi in Islamabad, but he could not join it due to road blockage.[27]

Following the assassination, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government declared a day of mourning.[28] Prime Minister Imran Khan condemned the murder saying "the country has suffered a great loss".[29]

On 3 November 2018, he was buried in the premises of Darul Uloom Haqqania in his hometown of Akora Khattak in the afternoon. The funeral prayer was offered at the Khushal Khan Degree College and led by his son Hamid Ul Haq Haqqani.[28] It was attended by a large number of political leaders and his followers. As part of the investigation into his murder, the police questioned his domestic staff.[30]

Books of Maulana Sami-ul Haq

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The editor-in-chief of the monthly journal Al-Haq until his death, he has been described as "a prolific Islamist writer" who "authored more than 20 books", some of his works including :[31]

  • Islām aur ʻaṣr-i ḥāz̤ir, 1976. On Islam and the modern world, collected articles.
  • Qādiyān sey Isrāʼīl tak, 1978. Critical assessment of the Ahmadiyya movement.
  • Kārvān-i āk̲h̲irat, 1990. Collection of condolence letters on the death of various South Asian religious scholars.
  • Ṣalibī dahshatgardī aur ʻālam-i Islām, 2004. Collection of interviews discussing Taliban movement, United States of America and West interests in Afghanistan.
  • Qādiyānī fitnah aur Millat-i Islāmiyah kā mauʼqqif, 2011. Criticism of the Ahmadiyya movement, co-authored with Maulana Muhammad Taqi Usmani.
  • K̲h̲ut̤bāt-i mashāhīr, 2015. Collected sermons on religious life in Islam, Islam and conduct of life and Islam and politics, in 10 volumes.
  • Afghan Taliban: War of Ideology : Struggle for Peace, 2015. His last notable book, on the peace process in Afghanistan.

Maulana Anwar-ul-Haq Haqqani

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Maulana Anwar-ul-Haq Haqqani (2018–present) Maulana Anwar-ul-Haq Haqqani is a Pakistani Islamist Religious scholar and current chancellor of Darul Uloom Haqqania.

In 2018 Islamic Scholars in Akora Khattak Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan on Sunday named Maulana Anwar-ul-Haq Haqqani as new head of Darul Uloom Haqqania Akora Khattak after the assassination of his elder brother Maulana Sami-ul-Haq in Rawalpindi.The appointment was made after religious scholars unanimously agreed to appoint Maulana Anwaar, brother of assassinated Maulana Samiul Haq, as mohtamim (head) of the seminary during a dastarbandi.A large number of ulema and religious scholars including Maulana Ahmad Ludhianvi and Babar Awan were present on this occasion.The participants offered Fatiha after the dastarbandi ceremony and prayed for the departed soul. They also shed light on various aspects of Maulana Samiul Haq's life and paid tribute to his services he rendered for Pakistan and Religion.[32]

Functioning and selection process

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With a boarding school and a high school with thousands of students, as well as 12 affiliated smaller madrassas, offering an eight-year Master of Arts in Islamic studies followed by a PhD after two additional years, journalist Ahmed Rashid, who calls it the most popular madrassa in northern Pakistan, also notes its strict selection process : in February 1999, out of 15,000 applicants only 400 new places were offered, while there are reserved places for 400 Afghan students as well.[33]

Notable alumni

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Main article: List of Darul Uloom Haqqania alumni

The seminary is known for producing graduates who went on to become Islamist insurgents in Afghanistan, firstly mujahideen who fought against the Soviet Union in the Soviet–Afghan War, and later members of the Taliban, including senior leaders.[34][35]

Notable graduates include the following:

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Ayaz Gul (4 July 2016), "In Pakistan, Funding for 'University of Jihad' Draws Fire", VOA News. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
  2. ^ EU snub for hardline Pakistan MP, BBC News Online, 20 April 2005.
  3. ^ Adamec, Ludwig W. (2017). Historical dictionary of Islam (3rd ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 161. ISBN 978-1-4422-7724-3. OCLC 953919222.
  4. ^ Ayaz, Dr Muhammad; Khan, Dr Janas; Abzahir, Dr; Dad, Dr Karim; Inayat, Dr Sumia; Hayat, Dr Nasim; Jan, Dr Hidayat Ullah (22 December 2022). "The Authorship Contributions Of The Selected Teachers Of Jamia Darul Uloom Haqqania Akora Khattak, KP, Pakistan". Journal of Positive School Psychology. 6 (9): 5311–5321. ISSN 2717-7564.
  5. ^ Shah, Muntazir; Khan, Dr Muhammad; Sabirullah, Dr (25 December 2021). "Dar-ul-uloom Haqania and its religious services to community". Al-Azhār. 7 (2): 122–128. doi:10.46896/alazhr.v7i01.197 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2519-6707.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  6. ^ Hussain, Zahid (1 July 2008). Frontline Pakistan: The Struggle with Militant Islam. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231142250.
  7. ^ William Dalrymple (28 March 2005). Inside Islam's "terror schools", New Statesman.
  8. ^ "VOICES FROM THE WHIRLWIND: Assessing Musharraf's Predicament Sami ul-Haq: Powerful Religious Leader". PBS. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  9. ^ a b Ali, Imtiaz (23 May 2007). "The Father of the Taliban: An Interview with Maulana Sami ul-Haq". Spotlight on Terror. The Jamestown Foundation website. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  10. ^ Maulana Sami-ul-Haq, Senate of Pakistan
  11. ^ Ali, Imtiaz (27 January 2009). "Maulana Sami ul-Haq: Father of the Taliban" (audio). Post-Conflict Reconstruction Project. Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  12. ^ a b c "Pakistani 'Father of Taliban' keeps watch over loyal disciples". Maria Golovnina and Sheree Sardar. Reuters News Agency website. 15 September 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2018. ... Haq said, alternating between Pakistan's official Urdu and his native Pashto language. Haq, who speaks fluent Arabic, ...
  13. ^ a b "Taliban Training the Pakistan". Deutsche Welle. 23 May 2015.
  14. ^ Westhead, Rick (13 May 2009). "Inside Pakistan's Jihad U". The Toronto Star. In 1997, Sami ul-Haq received a phone call from Omar, the Taliban leader. The Taliban had been defeated in an attempt to capture Mazar-e-Sharif in northern Afghanistan and Omar needed reinforcements. "Mullah Omar personally rang me to request that I let these students go to Afghanistan on leave since they are needed there," ul-Haq was quoted as saying in Pakistan journalist Ahmed Rashid's book, Taliban. Ul-Haq agreed to help Omar and briefly shut down his school to help his students arrange passage through the Khyber Pass to Afghanistan.
  15. ^ Dalrymple, William. "Inside the Madrasas". The New York Review of Books. Here, straddling the noisy, truck-thundering Islamabad highway, stands the Haqqania, one of the most radical of the religious schools called madrasas. Many of the Taliban leaders, including Mullah Omar, were trained at this institution.
  16. ^ Siddiqui, Taha (11 February 2012). "Tahreek-e-Labbaiyak Pakistan Part 1/2: Jihadis itch for resurgence". The Express Tribune (newspaper). Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  17. ^ "VOICES FROM THE WHIRLWIND: Assessing Musharraf's Predicament Sami ul-Haq: Powerful Religious Leader". PBS. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  18. ^ "Five DPC parties plan new electoral alliance". Dawn. 6 December 2012. Maulana Sami was also among the founders of a six-party religious alliance, Muttahida Majlis Amal ahead of 2002 polls that later ruled Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan under Musharraf regime.
  19. ^ "Maulana Sami-ul-Haq". www.senate.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  20. ^ "Maulana Samiul Haq". www.senate.gov.pk. Archived from the original on 9 December 2007. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  21. ^ Wasim, Amir (20 April 2013). "Few election alliances this time". Dawn. The Muttahida Deeni Mahaz (MDM), a group of five small religious parties and groups headed by Maulana Samiul Haq of the Jamiat-Ulema-i-Islam-Sami (JUI-S), is the only electoral alliance that is fielding its candidates in the May 11 elections.
  22. ^ "Muttahida Deeni Mahaz–another Political Alliance Formed". jamhuriat.pk. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  23. ^ "Afghan govt approaches Samiul Haq to mediate in peace talks with Taliban". The Express Tribune. 1 October 2018.
  24. ^ "JUI-S chief Maulana Samiul Haq assassinated in Rawalpindi". Geo News. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  25. ^ "Maulana Samiul Haq assassinated at Rawalpindi residence". Dawn.
  26. ^ "Slain Maulana Samiul Haq laid to rest in Darul Uloom Haqqania". The News International. 3 November 2018.
  27. ^ Ahmed, Jibran; Shahzad, Asif (2 November 2018). "'Father of Taliban' Mullah Sami ul-Haq killed in Pakistan: deputy". Reuters. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  28. ^ a b Farooq, Umer (3 November 2018). "Maulana Samiul Haq laid to rest". The Express Tribune.
  29. ^ "Politicians condemn brutal murder of JUI-S chief Maulana Samiul Haq". Dawn. 2 November 2018.
  30. ^ Naseer, Tahir (3 November 2018). "Maulana Samiul Haq laid to rest, domestic staff interrogated in connection with his murder". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
  31. ^ Farhan Zahid, "Post-Mortem Analysis: The Assassination of Taliban Godfather Sami ul Haq" in Militant Leadership Monitor, Volume X, Issue 3 (March 2019), p. 11
  32. ^ "Maulana Anwarul Haq named as new head of Darul Uloom Haqqania". tnn.com.pk. 5 November 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  33. ^ Rashid, Ahmed (2010). Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 90–91.
  34. ^ Imtiaz Ali, The Father of the Taliban: An Interview with Maulana Sami ul-Haq , Spotlight on Terror, The Jamestown Foundation, Volume 4, Issue 2, 23 May 2007.
  35. ^ Haroon Rashid (2 October 2003). The 'university of holy war', BBC Online.
  36. ^ Abubakar Siddique, The Pashtun Question: The Unresolved Key to the Future of Pakistan and Afghanistan, Hurst, 2014, p. 154
  37. ^ Green, Matthew (13 November 2011). "'Father of Taliban' urges US concessions". Financial Times. ISSN 0307-1766. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  38. ^ "Al Qaeda's shadowy new 'emir' in South Asia handed tough job". Reuters. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
  39. ^ "Profile: Mullah Akhtar Mansoor". Telegraph.co.uk. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
  40. ^ Brown, Vahid; Rassler, Don (2013). Fountainhead of Jihad: The Haqqani Nexus, 1973-2012. Oxford University Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-19-932798-0.
  41. ^ Rashid, Ahmed (2012). Pakistan in the Brink. Allen Lane. pp. 18, 52–53, 131, 133–134, 154, 180, 187. ISBN 9781846145858.
  42. ^ Mark Magnier (30 May 2009). Pakistan religious schools get scrutiny, Los Angeles Times.
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